What is Mounjaro? The ultimate guide to this dual-action diabetes medication
Beyond blood sugar control, what exactly is Mounjaro, and how does its unique dual action work in the fight against type 2 diabetes? Discover the game-changing science behind this GLP-1/GIP medication.
Key highlights
- Mounjaro contains tirzepatide as its active ingredient, which occupies GLP-1 and GIP receptors and mimics their action to lower blood sugar levels and promote satiety.
- The medication is indicated for promoting glycemic control in adult patients with type 2 diabetes when paired with a low-calorie diet and a healthy lifestyle.
- Healthcare professionals typically start the medication at a lower dose (2.5 mg once weekly) The dose is gradually increased in 2.5 mg increments every 4 weeks until a maintenance dose is reached.
- Common side effects of Mounjaro are nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, and constipation. They usually subside over time.
- Mounjaro has a boxed warning for patients who have a history of thyroid tumor, especially medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) and MEN 2 syndrome.
According to the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), over 38 million adults have diabetes, and 90% to 95% of them have type 2 diabetes. Approximately 40.3% of adults in the United States are obese, and obesity is the leading cause of several weight-related health issues. With the increasing prevalence of these health conditions, medications like Mounjaro have become popular for managing type 2 diabetes.
Mounjaro is a once weekly injectable medication that contains tirzepatide as an active ingredient. Tirzepatide acts as a dual agonist at GLP-1 and GIP receptors and mimics the action of human GLP-1 and GIP hormones. Mounajro is FDA-approved for managing blood sugar in adults with type 2 diabetes. Healthcare providers also prescribe the medication off-label for weight management.
This article provides a comprehensive and easy-to-understand explanation of what Mounjaro is, how its unique dual action works, its benefits for type 2 diabetes, potential side effects, who it’s for, and other important information.
What is Mounjaro?
Mounjaro is a prescription medication for type 2 diabetes.
- Active ingredient: Tirzepatide is the active ingredient in Mounajro that acts as a dual agonist at glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptors.
- Primary use: Mounjaro is FDA-approved for improving blood sugar control in adult patients with type 2 diabetes. Its mechanism of action also contributes to potential weight loss.
- Manufacturer: Eli Lilly is the manufacturer of Mounajro.
- Off-label use: Primarily, Mounjaro lowers blood sugar levels by suppressing appetite, enhancing the release of insulin, and slowing gastric emptying. However, these effects also contribute to weight loss. Healthcare providers commonly prescribe the medication off-label for the treatment of obesity. The FDA has not approved Mounajro for this purpose.
In a phase 3 clinical trial, 2,539 adults with a BMI of 30 or higher, or 27 or higher with at least one weight-related complication, were assigned to receive weekly subcutaneous injections of tirzepatide (5 mg, 10 mg, or 15 mg) or a placebo for 72 weeks.
The results revealed that after 72 weeks, participants receiving tirzepatide experienced notable weight loss: 15.0% with 5 mg, 19.5% with 10 mg, and 20.9% with 15 mg, compared to just a 3.1% weight loss in the placebo group.
The same active ingredient (tirzepatide) is also approved under the brand name Zepbound for promoting weight loss and mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), when used in combination with lifestyle modifications and a balanced diet.
How does Mounjaro work? The dual mechanism of action explained
Tirzepatide (active ingredient of Mounjaro) has dual agonism at GIP and GLP-1 receptors. The medication works in the following ways:
Dual hormone action
Mounjaro mimics the action of naturally occurring human GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide) and GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) hormones by occupying their receptors in the brain.
GLP-1 receptor agonism
As a GLP-1 agonist, Mounajro activates GLP-1 receptors in the hypothalamus. The lateral hypothalamus is the hunger control centre of the brain. Activation of GLP-1 receptors in the brain enhances the release of neuropeptides that suppress hunger and decreases the release of hunger-stimulating neuropeptides. As a result, the medication suppresses your appetite, and you experience fewer food cravings.
Moreover, Mounjaro enhances insulin release when blood sugar is high, decreases glucagon secretion, and slows gastric emptying. Your stomach moves food into the intestine at a slower rate, and you feel satiated for longer periods.
GIP receptor agonism
GIP is an amino acid peptide that your body releases after food intake. Its receptors are present in the pancreas, brain, stomach, adipose tissues, and bone. This hormone is responsible for releasing insulin and incretin. Mounajro activates GIP receptors to enhance insulin release and promote satiety.
Synergistic effects
The dual action of tirzepatide on GLP-1 and GIP receptors enhances insulin release and promotes blood sugar control. These actions lead to more significant improvements in glycated hemoglobin levels (HbA1c) and blood sugar levels compared to GLP-1 agonists alone.
A phase 3 clinical trial with 1,879 participants compared the effectiveness of semaglutide and tirzepatide over 40 weeks. Participants were randomly assigned to receive weekly doses of tirzepatide (5 mg, 10 mg, or 15 mg) or semaglutide (1 mg). The study focused on changes in HbA1c levels after 40 weeks. The results showed that the mean change in HbA1c levels was −2.01%, −2.24%, and −2.30% with 5 mg, 10 mg, and 15 mg tirzepatide, respectively. In comparison, semaglutide resulted in a mean change of −1.86%. Tirzepatide at all doses demonstrated higher efficacy than semaglutide. Additionally, tirzepatide led to greater reductions in body weight, with estimated treatment differences of −1.9 kg (5 mg), −3.6 kg (10 mg), and −5.5 kg (15 mg).
Key benefits
- Mounjaro delays gastric emptying (the rate at which your stomach empties), which slows the process of digestion. This effect reduces appetite, and you feel full for a longer time.
- The medication enhances the release of insulin and boosts insulin sensitivity.
- Improved insulin release and sensitivity lower blood sugar and glycated hemoglobin levels (A1C).
- These effects also promote weight loss in patients with type 2 diabetes.
How is Mounjaro different than Ozempic (semaglutide) and Trulicity (dulaglutide)?
Mounjaro is a dual agonist at GLP-1 and GIP receptors. In contrast, Ozempic (semaglutide) and Trulicity (dulaglutide) act as agonists at GLP-1 receptors only. They have no action on GIP receptors. Mounjaro has higher efficacy in managing type 2 diabetes than Ozempic and Trulicity due to its dual action.
What is Mounjaro used for?
Mounjaro is FDA-approved for improving blood sugar control in adults with type 2 diabetes. The medication is used along with a balanced diet, increased physical activity, and exercise.
Mounjaro can be used alone or in combination with other diabetes medications (like metformin).
Mounjaro’s current FDA approval is not specifically for weight loss, but significant weight loss is often observed in clinical trials for diabetes management. However, the medication is used off-label for weight reduction.
Zepbound has the same active ingredient as Mounajro and is specifically approved for weight management in obese (BMI 30 or greater) and overweight individuals (BMI 27 or greater) with at least one weight-related health condition, such as high blood pressure, heart disease, obstructive sleep apnea, or diabetes.
Who is Mounjaro for?
The eligibility criteria for Mounjaro for type 2 diabetes in adults:
- Patients who have been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes by a licensed healthcare professional
- Those who have been prescribed oral medications (like metformin), but their blood sugar levels are not adequately controlled, or these medications are not tolerated.
- Mounjaro may be considered as an initial treatment option in certain situations.
- There are no specific BMI requirements for its use in type 2 diabetes management.
Dosage and administration
Mounjaro is injected subcutaneously (under the skin, above your muscles) once weekly at any time of the same day each week. You can take it with or without meals.
Standard dosing
The typical starting dose of Mounjaro is 2.5 mg once weekly for the first 4 weeks. Afterwards, the dosage is titrated gradually by adding 2.5 mg increments to the existing dosage every 4 weeks, until you reach the target glycemic control.
The standard titration (dose escalation) schedule is as follows:
- Weeks 5–8: 5 mg once weekly
- Weeks 9–12: 7.5 mg once weekly if you can tolerate the previous dosage and further glycemic control is needed.
- Weeks 13–16: 10 mg once weekly, if you have still not reached your target blood sugar levels.
- Weeks 17–20: 12.5 mg once weekly, if needed.
- Week 20 and onwards: 15 mg once weekly, which is the maximum dosage of Mounjaro.
If you experience side effects or mild side effects that do not subside over time, your healthcare provider will reduce the dosage or delay the dosage increment for the next 4 weeks. After 4 weeks, they will reassess your condition and decide accordingly.
Typically, healthcare providers escalate the dosage when the existing dosage is well tolerated, but HbA1c levels are greater than 7, which indicates that blood sugar levels are not controlled.
| Available Strengths | 2.5 mg, 5 mg, 7.5 mg, 10 mg, 12.5 mg, 15 mg |
| Starting Dose | Weeks 1–4: 2.5 mg once a week |
| Titration Schedule | Week 5–8: 5 mg once weekly Week 9–12: 7.5 mg once weekly Week 13–16: 10 mg once weekly Week 17–20: 12.5 mg once weekly Week 20 and onwards: 15 mg once weekly |
| Maintenance Dose | 5 mg, 10 mg, or 15 mg once a week |
| Maximum Dose | 15 mg once a week |
| What to Do When You Miss a Dose | If more than 4 days (96 hours) have passed since the missed dose, skip the missed dose and take the next dose on the regularly scheduled day. If less than 4 days have passed, take the missed dose as soon as possible and then take the next dose on the regularly scheduled day. If you have been missing doses for over 2 weeks, consult your healthcare provider, as they may prescribe a lower dosage. |
| Do's | - Store the medication in its original packaging between 36–46°F (2°C to 8°C), away from light. This helps maintain its potency. - If traveling, keep the medication unrefrigerated for no more than 21 days. Ensure it stays below 86°F (30°C). - If less than 4 days have passed since a missed dose, take it as soon as possible and return to your regular dosing schedule. - Keep a record of your weekly doses to avoid skipping or duplicating doses. - Take regular follow-ups with your healthcare provider to ensure the medication is working effectively and adjust the dosage if necessary. |
| Don’ts | - Do not store the pen in the refrigerator for extended periods or freeze it, as it could damage the medication. - Do not use the pen if it has been dropped or exposed to hard impacts (e.g., hitting a hard surface), as it may not work properly. - Do not exceed the recommended dosage or inject double doses. - Do not use the pen if it appears damaged or compromised in any way or the medications looks cloudy. - Do not expose the pen to extreme temperatures (over 86°F or 30°C) or direct sunlight. |
It is important to remember that these are general guidelines for Mounjaro dosing and titration. Healthcare professionals make personalized treatment plans based on the patient’s response and tolerability.
If you plan to start the medication, always follow your doctor’s instructions to minimize the risk of side effects and maximize the efficacy of the medication.
How to inject Mounjaro
Mounjaro (tirzepatide) is an injectable medication prescribed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Administering it correctly ensures the best results and minimizes the risk of complications. Here’s a detailed step-by-step guide on how to inject Mounjaro:
1. Prepare your injection supplies
Before starting, gather all the necessary supplies:
- Mounjaro pen (pre-filled)
- Alcohol swab
- Cotton ball or gauze
- Needle (if separate from the pen)
- Sharps container for disposal
Ensure the Mounjaro pen is at room temperature before injecting, as cold injections can be more painful.
2. Wash your hands
Wash your hands with soap and water thoroughly to prevent the risk of infections. Dry them completely before proceeding.
3. Inspect the Mounjaro Pen
Check the expiration date on the Mounjaro pen and ensure the medication is clear and colorless to light yellow. If it appears cloudy, discolored, or contains particles, do not use the medication.
4. Choose your injection site
Mounjaro is injected subcutaneously (under the skin). Common injection sites include:
- Thigh (front or outer side)
- Abdomen (except for a 2-inch area around the navel)
- Upper arm (if someone else is injecting for you)
Change injection sites each time to avoid irritation, infections, skin thickening and formation of lumps. Don’t administer where you have a skin infection, scarring, bruising, or pitting.
5. Clean the injection site
Use an alcohol swab to clean the area where you’ll inject. Allow the skin to dry completely.
6. Prime the Pen
Before your first injection, you must prime the pen to ensure the needle is working. Here’s how:
- Turn the dose dial to 2.5 mg (or the prescribed dose, depending on your healthcare provider’s instructions).
- Point the pen away from your body.
- Press the injection button and watch for a small droplet of medication to appear at the tip of the needle.
- If you don’t see the droplet, repeat this step until you do.
If you are using a Mounjaro vial, pull the protective cap off your vial. Wipe the rubber stopper with an alcohol swab. Remove the outer wrapping of the needle and attach it to the syringe. Slightly pull the plunger, insert the needle into the vial, turn the needle and vial upside down, and inject the air. This will help withdraw medication easily.
Pull the plunger slowly backward until you reach the required dosage level. Remove the syringe from the vial and lightly tap the syringe so that air bubbles can move to the top. Remove air bubbles by pushing the plunger until the plunger tip reaches the 0.5 ml line.
8. Set the dose
When using the Mounjaro pen, set the prescribed dose by turning the dial. Confirm that the dose is correct by checking the display window on the pen.
9. Inject the medication
- Pinch a small fold of skin at your chosen injection site.
- Insert the needle at a 90-degree angle to the skin in one smooth motion.
- Press the injection button fully to administer the dose.
- Hold the needle in place for 5-10 seconds to ensure the full dose is delivered.
10. Remove the needle and dispose properly
- Remove the needle from your skin.
- Immediately dispose of the used needle in a sharps container (do not throw it in regular trash).
- Apply gentle pressure to the injection site with a cotton ball or gauze to prevent bleeding. If necessary, massage the area gently to promote absorption.
11. Clean the pen (if necessary)
If your pen is not disposable, clean the needle area by wiping it with an alcohol swab before reattaching the needle cap. Store the pen as directed by your healthcare provider.
You can read detailed instructions on how to use Mounjaro vials on the Eli Lilly official website.
What to do if I miss a dose
If you miss a dose of Mounjaro, take the medication as soon as possible within 96 hours (or 4 days) of the missed dose. If more than 4 days have passed, skip the missed dose and administer the next scheduled dose on the regularly scheduled day.
For example, if your dose was scheduled on Monday and you have missed it. You can administer the medication until Thursday. From Friday onwards, skip the missed dose and take the next one on coming Monday.
If you have missed 2 or more doses, contact your healthcare provider for dose adjustments. Do not administer double the dosage to compensate for missed doses.
Benefits of Mounjaro for type 2 diabetes
Primarily, Mounjaro is used for individuals with type 2 diabetes. The medication may reduce the need for other diabetes medications, as Mounjaro has high efficacy in promoting blood sugar control. Additionally, it is injected once weekly, which is convenient for most patients as compared to daily injections.
For type 2 diabetes
Mounjaro promotes a significant reduction in HbA1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.
In SURPASS-2 clinical trials, a 15 mg weekly dose of tirzepatide (Mounjaro) decreased A1C levels by 2.46% and body weight by 12.4 kg. At a lower dose of 5 mg per week, tirzepatide showed a mean A1C reduction of 2.09% and the body weight was reduced by 7.8 kg.
For weight loss
Although Mounjaro is not approved for weight management, the medication shows significant weight loss.
In a phase 3 double-blinded clinical trial, participants showed 15% mean weight change with 5 mg once weekly tirzepatide, 19.5% with 10 mg weekly doses of tirzepatide, and 20.9% with 15 mg weekly dose after 72 weeks.
For cardiovascular and metabolic health
Mounjaro also promotes cardiovascular and metabolic health. In the same study, tirzepatide showed significant improvement in lipid profiles of patients. Their waist circumferences, fasting blood sugar levels, and lipid levels were improved. The ratio of total fat mass to total lean mass decreased (from 0.93 to 0.70) after 72 weeks.
In another clinical study, tirzepatide demonstrated significant efficacy in reducing HbA1c levels and reducing the risk of major cardiovascular events in adults with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk. At 52 weeks, both the 10 mg and 15 mg doses of tirzepatide showed mean HbA1c reductions of -2.43% and -2.58%, respectively, compared to -1.44% with insulin glargine. Additionally, tirzepatide was associated with a lower incidence of hypoglycemia compared to glargine, particularly in patients not on sulfonylureas. Moreover, no cardiovascular event was recorded in patients taking tirzepatide.
Potential side effects and safety concerns
Like other diabetes and weight loss medications, Mounjaro also has a few side effects. Mild side effects usually subside over time or with dosage adjustments.
If you experience any side effects with Mounjaro, discuss them with a healthcare provider. They will make adjustments in your treatment plan accordingly.
Here is a comprehensive overview of the most common side effects, serious side effects, and how to manage them:
Very common side effects (≥10% of users)
In clinical trials, tirzepatide showed the following side effects:
- Nausea (12-24%): Eat in smaller portions regularly, reduce fat and sugar intake, and stay hydrated to prevent nausea.
- Diarrhea (12-22 %): If you experience diarrhea with Mounjaro, drink plenty of water or clear fluids. Take oral rehydration salt (ORS) to prevent electrolyte imbalance. If diarrhea persists, contact your doctor.
- Vomiting (2-13 %): Eat regularly but in smaller portions to reduce the risk of diarrhea and vomiting. Avoid greasy foods. Keep an eye on the symptoms of dehydration. If you have severe vomiting or you vomit more than 3 times a day, immediately consult your doctor. They will change the dosage of medication.
- Decreased appetite (4-14%): As Mounjaro suppresses appetite, you may not feel hungry at all, which can lead to low energy levels and nutritional deficiencies. Eat healthy food regularly.
- Constipation (14%): Stay hydrated and add foods rich in dietary fibers (such as leafy green vegetables, fruits, and whole grains) to your diet to prevent constipation.
Common side effects (1-10% of users)
In phase 3 clinical trials, a 10 mg weekly dose of Mounjaro showed the following common side effects:
- Abdominal pain (11%): A few patients may experience bloating, stomach pain, GERD (6%), abdominal distension (7%, excessive burping, and flatulence (6%) with Mounjaro. Increase your physical activity and exercise daily for optimal digestion.
- Indigestion (dyspepsia): Mounjaro slows down the rate of stomach emptying, which can cause dyspepsia.
- Injection site reactions (6%): Injection site reactions can occur if you do not use sterilized syringes. Wash your hands thoroughly and clean the injection site with a spirit swab. Change the injection site each time to prevent the formation of lumps, skin thickening, or scarring.
- Fatigue (6%): Mounjaro suppresses appetite, which can lead to lower energy levels and may cause fatigue. Eat in small portions and take a nutrient-rich diet to prevent nutritional deficiencies that cause fatigue.
Rare but serious side effects
- Pancreatitis: If you feel pain in the upper stomach that radiates to the back, with or without vomiting, it can be due to pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas). Stop taking the medication and consult your healthcare provider.
- Hypersensitivity reactions: Allergic reactions, eczema, and urticaria can occur with Mounjaro. In case of a severe allergic reaction, immediately visit a nearby healthcare facility to receive emergency care. Signs of hypersensitivity reaction are swelling of the face, eyes, lips, tongue, throat, difficulty breathing, rapid heartbeat, fainting, severe rash or itching, and difficulty swallowing.
- Hypoglycemia: A Low blood sugar level is rare, but it can be fatal. In SURPASS-2 clinical trials, the incidence of hypoglycemia was 0.6%, 0.2%, and 1.7% in patients taking tirzepatide 5 mg, 10 mg, and 15 mg, respectively. Hypoglycemia usually occurs when Mounjaro is used with insulin or sulfonylureas because they also have glucose-lowering effects. If you have hypoglycemia, immediately eat or drink something. In case of hypoglycemic coma, emergency medical care is needed. Rush to a nearby healthcare facility. Signs of low blood glucose levels are dizziness, lightheadedness, blurred vision, anxiety, irritability, confusion, shakiness, slurred speech, sweating,and feeling jittery.
- Potential risk of thyroid C-cell tumors: Mounjaro has a boxed warning for patients with thyroid cell tumors because rodent studies show that Mounjaro increases the risk of medullary thyroid cancer (MTC).
- Changes in vision: Mounajro can cause changes in vision and worsen retinopathy. Inform your doctor if you already have diabetic retinopathy.
- Gallbladder problems: Gallbladder inflammation and gallstones have been reported with Mounjaro. If you experience yellowing of skin or eyes, pain in the upper abdomen, clay colored stools, nausea, and fever, inform your doctor. They will investigate gall bladder problems.
- Acute kidney injury: Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are common side effects of Mounjaro that can lead to dehydration. Loss of fluid can lead to acute kidney injury or even kidney failure in severe cases.
- Severe stomach pain has also been reported in patients taking Mounjaro.
- Increased risk of aspiration (food getting into the respiratory tract and lungs) during anesthesia and sedation: If you plan to undergo any surgical or invasive procedures that require sedation or anesthesia, inform your healthcare providers.
Who should not take Mounjaro? Contraindications and warnings
The contraindications for Mounjaro use are:
- Personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC).
- History of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia syndrome type 2 (MEN 2 syndrome).
- History of serious allergic reaction to tirzepatide or any of the ingredients in Mounjaro.
Additionally, Mounjaro is not suitable for patients with:
- History of pancreatitis.
- Patients with type 1 diabetes.
- Gallbladder disease.
- Kidney problems.
- Severe gastrointestinal disease.
- Pregnancy or breastfeeding.
- Those who are using birth control pills.
Mounjaro is not recommended for infants and children. If you have any underlying medical conditions, inform your doctor before starting the medication.
Mounjaro vs. other diabetes medications
There are various medications to treat diabetes. However, the choice of medication depends on individual factors and treatment goals.
Let’s compare Mounjaro to other common type 2 diabetes medications:
Mounjaro vs. metformin
Metformin is an oral medication that belongs to a drug class called biguanides. The medication is often used as a first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes. Unlike Mounjaro, metformin tablets are taken daily (orally). They are available in both extended-release and immediate-release tablet forms.
In SURPASS clinical trials, Mounjaro (tirzepatide) showed a reduction in A1C levels by about 1.8 to 2.1% on average with a 5 mg weekly dose. In contrast, clinical studies show that metformin reduced glycated hemoglobin levels by 1% to 1.5% after 3-6 months.
The wholesale acquisition cost or average list price of metformin is $22.33. The medication is cheaper than Mounjaro, but it is not as effective as Mounjaro.
Mounjaro vs. Ozempic
Ozempic is a GLP-1 receptor agonist with semaglutide as an active ingredient. The medication acts as a single agonist at GLP-1 receptors compared to Mounjaro, which is a dual agonist at GLP-1 and GIP receptors. By occupying GLP-1 receptors in the brain, Ozempic enhances insulin release, increases insulin sensitivity, delays gastric emptying, reduces the production of glucagon, and promotes a feeling of fullness or satiety. This way, Ozempic promotes blood sugar control.
Ozempic is FDA-approved for promoting blood sugar control in type 2 diabetes, reducing the risk of cardiovascular events, death, and preventing kidney failure or worsening kidney disease in patients with chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes.
Due to dual action, Mounjaro has greater efficacy than Ozempic. A clinical trial evaluated the effectiveness of 1 mg semaglutide (Ozmepic) versus tirzepatide (Mounjaro) at doses of 5 mg, 10 mg, and 15 mg. Initially, participants had an average HbA1c of 8.28%. After 40 weeks, reductions in HbA1c were -2.01% with 5 mg, -2.24% with 10 mg, and -2.30% with 15 mg of tirzepatide. In comparison, 1 mg of semaglutide resulted in a -1.86% reduction. Tirzepatide was also associated with greater weight loss than semaglutide.
Ozempic has a list price of $997.58. Novo Nordisk offers an Ozempic Savings Card for commercially insured patients. If you qualify for the eligibility criteria, you can get the 1-month, 2-month, and 3-month supply of Ozempic for as little as $25 per month.
Mounjaro vs. Trulicity
Trulicity, a brand name of dulaglutide, is also a GLP-1 receptor agonist medication. Dulaglitide has a similar mechanism of action to Ozempic. The medication occupies GLP-1 receptors to promote blood sugar control. Trulicity is FDA-approved for managing high blood glucose levels in adult patients with type 2 diabetes and reducing the risk of major cardiovascular events, such as heart attack and stroke, in patients with type 2 diabetes and existing heart disease or those who are at greater risk. The medication can also promote weight loss and has proven cardiovascular benefits.
A clinical trial involving 636 patients compared the effects of tirzepatide and dulaglutide over 52 weeks. Tirzepatide 15 mg reduced HbA1c by 2.8%, while dulaglutide 0.75 mg achieved a 1.3% reduction. In terms of weight loss, patients receiving tirzepatide 15 mg lost an average of 10.7 kg, whereas those on dulaglutide lost just 0.5 kg.
The list price of Trulicity is $987.19 per month. From the market, you may get the medication for $1,000 to $1,300 or more. Eli Lilly offers a Trulicity Savings Card to reduce its cost. Eligible patients can get the medication for as low as $25 for 12 Trulicity pens.
Mounjaro vs. Wegovy
Wegovy is a brand name medication of semaglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist. Semaglutide has 94% structural similarity to the human glucagon-like peptide-1 hormone. The medication has the same mechanism of action as Ozempic; however, it is approved for:
- Chronic weight management, when used along with exercise and a balanced diet, in obese and overweight patients with at least one weight-related health disease.
- Cardiovascular risk reduction in obese patients who have established heart diseases or are at risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
Wegovy acts as a single agonist at GLP-1 receptors, while Mounjaro has dual agonism at GLP-1 and GIP receptors. Due to dual action, Mounjaro has higher efficacy than Wegovy.
The list price of Wegovy, as mentioned by Novo Nordisk, is $1,349.02 per package. Its price on the market ranges between $1,300 and $1,600 or more. The medication is primarily used for weight management, unlike Mounjaro, which is used for blood sugar control in diabetics.
Novo Nordisk offers a Wegovy Savings Card. Commercially insured eligible patients can get the medication for as little as $0 per month. Uninsured patients can use the self-pay option and get the medication for as low as $199 for the first month and $499 for subsequent months. Medicare, Medicaid, and private insurance may not cover the medication when used solely for weight loss, as weight management is considered a cosmetic concern rather than a medical indication.
Mounjaro vs. Jardiance
Jardiance (empagliflozin) belongs to a class of drugs called SGLT2 Inhibitors. The medication is approved for:
- Managing type 2 diabetes when used in combination with a balanced diet and exercise.
- Lowering the risk of death and hospitalization for heart failure in patients with heart failure.
- Reducing the risk of worsening kidney disease or kidney failure in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
In clinical studies, tirzepatide (Mounjaro) exhibits greater efficacy than empagliflozin (Jardiance) in promoting glycemic control. However, Jardiance manages high blood pressure (hypertension) more effectively in patients experiencing hypertension and type 2 diabetes.
The list price of Jardiance is $629.43 per month. With the Jardiance Savings Card, you can get the medication for as low as $10 for a 1-month, 2-month and 3-month supply of the medication.
Mounjaro vs. Farxiga
Farxiga is an SGLT2 (sodium glucose cotransporter 2) Inhibitor that contains dapagliflozin as an active ingredient. The medication is indicated for:
- To promote blood sugar control in patients with type 2 diabetes, when used in combination with a balanced diet and exercise
- Reduce the risk of heart and blood vessel-related diseases, and hospitalization and emergency visits for heart failure in patients with heart failure and type 2 diabetes
- Lower the risk of worsening kidney disease, hospitalization for heart failure, and death due to cardiovascular events in patients with chronic kidney disease, who are at greater risk of progression
Mounjaro is primarily used for type 2 diabetes. Clinical studies have been conducted on its effectiveness in lowering the risk of heart failure. Farxiga is effective in lowering the risk of worsening heart disease or death in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction, regardless of whether the patient has diabetes or not.
The list price of Farxiga is $599.72 for a 30-day supply. With the Farxiga Savings Offer, you can get the medication for $0 if you meet its eligibility requirements.
Mounjaro vs. Januvia
Januvia has sitagliptin as an active ingredient. Sitagliptin is a DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase-4) inhibitor. The medication is FDA-approved for promoting glycemic control in adult patients with type 2 diabetes when used in combination with a balanced diet, a healthy lifestyle, exercise and increased physical activity.
Januvia comes in the form of oral tablets that are taken once daily, with or without food.
In clinical studies, sitagliptin showed a mean reduction of 0.61% in glycated hemoglobin levels (HbA1c) after 3 months. In comparison, Mounjaro, with the dose of 5 mg once weekly, showed a mean reduction of 2.09% in HbA1c levels. These results indicate that Januvia is less potent than Mounjaro in managing type 2 diabetes.
The average retail price of Januvia is $729.83 for 30 tablets. With the Januvia Saving offer, you can get the medication for as little as $5 per prescription and save $150 if you meet eligibility criteria.
Mounjaro vs. Tradjenta
Tradjenta contains linagliptin, which belongs to a class of drugs called DPP-4 Inhibitors. The medication is FDA-approved for improving blood sugar control in adults with type 2 diabetes when used along with a low-calorie diet and lifestyle modifications such as exercise and increased physical activity. Oral tablets (5 mg) of Tradjenta are taken daily, compared to once weekly injections of Mounjaro.
Clinical studies reflect that Tradjenta significantly reduces the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and emergency visits in patients with cardiovascular diseases and type 2 Diabetes, as compared to placebo. Mounjaro is not approved for reducing the risk of cardiovascular events or death.
The average retail price of Tradjenta is $571 for a monthly supply.
Mounjaro vs. Insulin
Insulin injections are used to treat type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Generally, the medication is used in advanced diabetes when oral medications fail to control blood sugar levels. Injected insulin acts as an alternative to your body’s natural insulin to reduce high blood glucose levels.
A clinical study compared the efficacy and safety profile of tirzepatide and insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes. The results demonstrate that tirzepatide has higher efficacy in reducing glycated hemoglobin levels and promoting blood sugar control compared to insulin. However, high doses of tirzepatide are linked to increased risk of side effects and treatment discontinuation. Insulin is less potent than Mounjaro but is more tolerable.
You may get an insulin injection for anywhere between $25 and $300 per vial from pharmacies. On average, diabetics need 6 vials a month, but the quantity may vary, depending on the daily dosage of insulin.
Cost and insurance coverage
The list price or wholesale acquisition price of Mounjaro from Eli Lilly is $1,079.77. From local pharmacies, you may get the medication for $1,000 to $1,300 or more.
Here are the estimated retail prices of Mounjaro in different pharmacies when using prescription drug coupons:
Mounjaro retail prices
| Pharmacy | Price with BuzzRx Coupon | Prices with WellRx Coupon | Prices with Singlecare Coupon | Prices with GoodRx Coupon |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVS | $1,135.30 | $1,118.08 | $1,002 | $995 |
| Wallgreen | $1,103.43 | $1,181.93 | $872.00 | $995 |
| Walmart | $1,139.05 | $1,095.40 | $872.00 | $995 |
| Rite Aid | $1,124.07 | - | $872.00 | - |
Most insurance plans cover Mounjaro for its FDA-approved indication (type 2 diabetes). However, insurance coverage also depends on out-of-pocket costs, yearly deductibles, and your insurance plan.
Medicare and Medicaid
Medicaid coverage for Mounjaro depends on whether your state’s formulary has Mounjaro in its preferred drug list. According to the KFF survey, Medicaid prescription drug plan covers Mounjaro in Texas, Hawaii, California, Kansas, Minnesota, Rhode Island, Pennsylvania, Louisiana, Delaware, New Hampshire, Wisconsin, South Carolina, Mississippi, and Connecticut.
Approximately 91% of Medicare prescription drug plans cover Mounjaro for diabetes. You can use Medicare’s Plan Finder tool to check Medicare coverage of your medications under different insurance plans. Once you enter your information, it will list all drugs covered by different Medicare Part D or Part C plans.
Private and commercial insurance
Cigna, Blue Cross Blue Shield, United Healthcare, and Aetna may cover Mounjaro for blood sugar control in individuals with diabetes. Each company has different eligibility criteria. You will need to submit prior authorization from a licensed healthcare provider to get Mounjaro coverage. It is better to contact your insurance provider and verify their requirements for Mounjaro coverage.
Mounjaro Savings Card
Mounjaro Savings Card is offered by Eli Lilly, the manufacturer of Mounjaro, for commercially insured and uninsured patients. If you have commercial insurance and meet the eligibility criteria, you may be able to pay as little as $25 for a 1-, 2-, or 3-month supply of Mounjaro.
Eligibility requirements
To qualify for the Mounjaro Savings Card, you must meet the following requirements:
- You must be a resident of the U.S. or Puerto Rico.
- A valid prescription from a licensed healthcare provider is required (for FDA-approved use in managing type 2 diabetes).
- You must be 18 years of age or older.
- You must have commercial insurance, regardless of whether it covers Mounjaro.
- You should not be enrolled in any state or federally funded healthcare programs, including Medicare, Medicaid, Medicare, TRICARE/CHAMPUS, VA, DoD, Medigap, or any state prescription drug patient assistance programs.
If your commercial insurance covers Mounjaro:
If you meet the eligibility criteria, you may get a 1-month (4 pens), 2-month (8 pens), and 3-month (12 pens) supply of Mounjaro for as little as $25.
With the Mounjaro Savings Card, you can receive up to 13 prescription fills over 12 months. A valid HIPAA authorization is required.
If your commercial insurance does not cover Mounjaro:
Even if your plan doesn’t cover Mounjaro, you can still save significantly. With the Mounjaro Savings Card, you can save up to $463 on each 1-month fill and $6,019 annually. You can receive 13 fills in 12 months.
A valid HIPAA authorization is also required for the Mounjaro Savings Card.
Pharmacy coupons
If you do not have any insurance, you can still save on Mounjaro by using pharmacy coupon cards. Online pharmacies, including GoodRx, WellRx, BuzzRx, and SingleCare, offer these cards on their official website. You can visit their websites to get coupons and use them while purchasing the medication.
Is Mounjaro right for you?
Mounjaro might be a suitable option if:
- You have type 2 diabetes.
- Your current medications are not controlling your blood sugar levels adequately.
- You prefer once-weekly injections over daily injections or oral tablets.
- You are interested in potential weight loss benefits alongside blood sugar control.
- You are fully aware of the potential side effects and risks.
- You have discussed your medical history and other medications with your doctor.
- You can navigate the cost and access.
- You are not pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to conceive.
- You do not have a history of any thyroid tumor or MEN2 syndrome.
Before starting the medication, have an open and honest conversation with your healthcare provider to determine if Mounjaro is the right treatment option for your needs and circumstances related to type 2 diabetes.
Mounjaro FAQs
Is Mounjaro a weight loss drug?
No, Mounjaro is primarily used for type 2 diabetes management; it is not approved for weight loss. However, healthcare providers may prescribe the medication off-label for weight management. Zepbound is a weight loss drug that contains the same active ingredient as Mounjaro and is FDA-approved for weight loss in adults.
How fast does Mounjaro work?
Mounjaro starts working within a few hours of administering the medication. You may start to notice changes in blood sugar control after 4-8 weeks. Significant improvement in HbA1c and blood glucose levels occurs after a few months.
Can you take Mounjaro without diabetes?
Healthcare providers may recommend Mounjaro for its off-label use in weight management. You cannot take the medication without the advice of a licensed healthcare provider.
Does insurance cover Mounjaro?
Yes, most insurance companies cover Mounjaro if you use it for its FDA-approved indication, type 2 diabetes management. However, insurance does not cover the medication if you use it off-label for weight management.
Conclusion: Understanding Mounjaro and your type 2 diabetes management
Mounjaro is a prescription medication that contains tirzepatide as an active ingredient. The medication has dual agonism at GLP-1 and GIP receptors. Mounjaro is primarily approved for lowering blood sugar levels in type 2 diabetes patients when used in combination with a balanced diet and healthy lifestyle choices.
However, you cannot start Mounjaro on your own. You will need a valid prescription from a licensed healthcare provider to get the medication. Mounjaro also has several potential side effects. That is why it is important to start the medication under medical supervision and have regular follow-ups afterwards. If you experience any kind of side effects, immediately consult your doctor before taking the next dosage. Keep track of changes in blood sugar levels, weight reduction and side effects while taking the medication. Always have an open and clear conversation with your healthcare provider.
Consult your doctor today to see if Mounjaro is right for you.
